抹茶系统工艺 Catalog|核心流程·中英术语·英文描述

🍵本页基于 5 份附件逐页提取并交叉核对。EN RTV 与 CH RTV 是同一企业 catalog 的英文版和中文版,证据统计时合并为 1 组,避免重复计数。

1. 核心结论

附件中可归纳出一条稳定的抹茶工业主线:

覆盖栽培 → 采摘鲜叶 → 蒸汽杀青 → 快速冷却 → 碾茶炉干燥 → 梗叶分离 → 复烘与切断风选 → 碾茶精制除杂 → 拼配 → 精细研磨 → 过筛与异物控制 → 分装、检验和储藏

其中,4 组独立资料均明确出现的共同核心是:蒸汽杀青、冷却、干燥、梗叶分离、碾茶、研磨。覆盖、采摘、精制、除杂和包装在多数资料中出现,构成完整商业化抹茶 catalog 必不可少的前后段。

抹茶不是普通绿茶粉。附件采用的共同判别逻辑是:原料来自覆盖栽培鲜叶,经蒸汽或热风杀青和干燥制成碾茶,再将碾茶研磨为微粉状茶产品。

2. 系统工艺总览

flowchart LR
A["茶园与品种<br>Tea garden and cultivars"] --> B["覆盖栽培<br>Shading cultivation"]
B --> C["采摘与储青<br>Harvesting and fresh-leaf holding"]
C --> D["蒸汽杀青<br>Steam fixation"]
D --> E["快速冷却<br>Rapid cooling"]
E --> F["初次干燥<br>Primary drying"]
F --> G["梗叶分离<br>Stem-leaf separation"]
G --> H["复烘、切断与风选<br>Re-drying, cutting and air classification"]
H --> I["碾茶<br>Tencha"]
I --> J["精制、杀菌与除杂<br>Refining, sterilization and foreign-matter removal"]
J --> K["拼配<br>Blending"]
K --> L["研磨<br>Milling"]
L --> M["过筛与异物检测<br>Sieving and foreign-matter inspection"]
M --> N["分装与储藏<br>Filling and storage"]

3. 核心工艺术语 Catalog

中文标准术语Catalog 原文英文建议统一英文工艺目的
01覆盖栽培/遮阴Shading; Shading cultivationShading cultivation降低直射光,促进叶绿素和氨基酸积累,并抑制儿茶素形成。
02采摘Harvesting; Plucking; Hand-pluckingHarvesting在覆盖期结束后采收适制碾茶的鲜叶。
03储青WitheringFresh-leaf holding短时暂存鲜叶并维持鲜活,等待连续加工;不建议将其标准化为萎凋。
04蒸汽杀青Fixation; SteamingSteam fixation快速钝化酶活性,固定绿色和鲜叶风味。
05冷却/风力冷却CoolingRapid air cooling迅速散热和排湿,避免余热造成闷黄或过熟。
06碾茶炉干燥/初次烘干Drying; BakingTencha drying降低水分,形成可分离、可储存的干叶结构。
07梗叶分离Leaf Splitting; Leaf-Stem separatingStem-leaf separation分离叶片与粗梗,提高成品细腻度、色泽和口感纯净度。
08二次烘干/足火Re-dryingRe-drying梗、叶分别干燥,稳定水分并便于后续精制。
09切断/复切Cutting; Re-cuttingCutting and re-cutting调整叶片尺寸,使分选、拼配和研磨更均匀。
10风选脉叶分离Air classification; Leaf-Vein separatingAir classification and leaf-vein separation利用气流和密度差去除叶脉及轻重杂质。
11碾茶TenchaTencha抹茶研磨前的专用片状原料,是抹茶与普通绿茶粉的关键分界。
12蒸汽杀菌Steam SterilizationSteam sterilization降低微生物风险,同时兼顾安全与鲜度。
13匀堆拼配Auto Blending; BlendingBatch blending均一批次色泽、香气、滋味与理化指标。
14色选/视觉识别Color sorting; Visual identificationOptical sorting and visual inspection识别异色颗粒和可见异物。
15磁选Magnetic AbsorptionMagnetic separation吸附铁磁性异物;标准英文宜用 separation,而非 absorption。
16X 光与金属检测X-ray and Metal DetectionX-ray and metal detection识别并剔除金属及其他高密度异物。
17球磨Ball millingBall milling通过球磨介质实现高通量细化。
18气流粉碎Jet millingJet milling利用高速气流碰撞粉碎,降低机械接触。
19石磨Electric stone mill; Traditional stone millStone milling低速研磨,强调细腻度、光泽与传统风味表达。
20过筛SievingSieving控制粒度并拦截返工点及废弃物。
21定量分装Packaging and weighingWeighing and filling按规格计量,在洁净环境中完成内包装。
22封口、外包装与储藏Sealing; Outer packaging; StorageSealing, outer packaging and storage隔绝氧气、水分、光和异味,维持色泽与风味。

4. 分阶段工艺说明与附件英文描述

A. 茶园与鲜叶管理

A1. 风土、品种、有机管理

RTV catalog 将原料端概括为:“Terroir · superior varieties · Shading · Harvesting · Organic”。原料端决定色泽、氨基酸水平、苦涩结构和后续可加工性。

A2. 覆盖栽培 — Shading cultivation

Catalog 描述: Covering the tea canopy before harvest reduces light exposure, supports chlorophyll and amino-acid accumulation, and helps produce the deep green color and mellow umami expected from matcha.

A3. 采摘 — Harvesting

Catalog 描述: Shaded shoots are harvested at the intended maturity and transferred promptly for processing to preserve freshness and color.

B. 碾茶初制 — Primary Tencha Processing

B1. 储青 — Fresh-leaf holding

RTV 中文版原词为“储青”,英文版写作 “Withering”。此处工艺意图是短时鲜叶暂存而非红茶式萎凋,建议对外统一为 Fresh-leaf holding

B2. 杀青 — Steam fixation

附件出现三类杀青路径:

Fog Valley 的流程直接标为 “steaming”;森伴园参数页给出 100°C 饱和水蒸气、杀青时间约 25 秒。

Catalog 描述: Fresh leaves are rapidly steam-fixed to deactivate oxidative enzymes, preserve the green color, and retain the clean, fresh character required for tencha.

B3. 冷却 — Rapid cooling

附件原词:“Cooling”;Matcha (1) 写作“风力冷却”。

Catalog 描述: The steamed leaves are immediately cooled with air to remove residual heat and moisture and to prevent yellowing or overcooking.

B4. 干燥 — Tencha drying

RTV 原文设备和路径包括:

Fog Valley 使用 “baking”“drying”;森伴园参数页给出烘焙温度约 160°C、时间约 45 分钟,以及足火约 100°C、25 分钟。参数只代表对应附件产线,不应直接当作所有工厂通用标准。

Catalog 描述: The cooled leaves are dried in a tencha dryer to reduce moisture while maintaining an open, unrolled leaf structure suitable for separation and milling.

B5. 梗叶分离与复烘 — Stem-leaf separation and re-drying

RTV:“Leaf Splitting”,子描述 “Leaf-Stem separating”;复烘描述为 “drying the leaf and the stem separately”。Fog Valley 用 “separating” 将 leaves 与 sticks 分流。

Catalog 描述: Stems and coarse veins are separated from the leaf material; each fraction is re-dried as needed to stabilize moisture and improve the purity of the tencha base.

B6. 切断与风选 — Cutting and air classification

Catalog 描述: The dried leaf is cut to a controlled size and repeatedly air-classified to remove veins and obtain a clean, uniform tencha fraction.

C. 碾茶精制 — Refined Tencha Processing

C1. 杀菌、匀堆和除杂

RTV 使用以下完整标题:

精制设备和动作包括 Air classification、Color sorting、Visual identification and impurities removal、Magnetic separation、X-ray and Metal Detection。Fog Valley 另列 Tea cutting and sorting system、Tea refine line、foreign body remove system、tea sterilization、metal detector

Catalog 描述: Refined tencha is sterilized, blended, optically sorted, magnetically cleaned, and inspected by X-ray and metal detection before milling.

D. 抹茶制造 — Matcha Production

D1. 原料确认与拼配

森伴园流程从“原料确定”开始,重点确认水分;之后为“称料拼配”。

Catalog 描述: Approved tencha lots are checked for moisture and quality, then weighed and blended to meet the target color, aroma, taste, and analytical profile.

D2. 研磨 — Milling

RTV 的章节标题为 “Milling for Ideal Particle Size and Luster”,列出:

Matcha (1) 同时列出传统石磨、球磨粉碎、气流粉碎。研磨方法是路线选择,不是等级高低的唯一判断标准。

Catalog 描述: Refined tencha is finely milled to achieve the specified particle size, dispersibility, mouthfeel, color, and surface luster.

D3. 过筛、异物控制和分装

森伴园完整流程为:原料确定 → 称料拼配 → 研磨 → 过筛 → 磁棒 → 过金属探测仪 → 内包装材料验收 → 定量分装 → 封口 → X 光机 → 外包装材料验收 → 外包装 → 入库储藏 → 出运。

其流程将“过金属探测仪”标作 CCP;车间洁净度、员工操作规范、设备与容器洁净度,以及内包装材料紫外线杀菌时间是微生物控制重点。

Catalog 描述: The milled powder is sieved, passed through magnetic and metal-detection controls, quantitatively filled, sealed, X-ray inspected, packed, and stored under controlled conditions.

5. 风味工艺路线

RTV catalog 展示三类碾茶初制路线;它们是风味设计手段,而非所有附件共同的必选步骤。

路线杀青与干燥英文风味描述Catalog 归纳
京都式 Kyoto-styleSaturated Vapor;Brick OvenEmerald green; rich and mellow seaweed aroma; clean and fresh taste with distinct sweet aftertaste.海苔香、鲜爽、回甘,苦涩较低。
蒸焙结合 Steaming and BakingSuperheated Steaming and Heated Roller;Brick Oven plus Chain-plated DryerBright emerald green; bean or nutty aromas derived from the Maillard reaction; light bitterness and mild astringency with clean lingering aftertaste.豆香、坚果香,轻苦微涩,尾韵干净。
涡流热风 Vortex Hot WindSaturated Vapor and Vortex Hot Wind;Vortex Hot Wind plus Mesh-type OvenRich, full fresh aroma and vibrant color; the astringency and bitterness in the aftertaste reflect regional tea characteristics.清香饱满,色泽鲜明,苦涩跨度较广。

6. 共同性矩阵

说明:EN RTV 与 CH RTV 合并为“RTV 双语版”。“明确”表示附件直接出现;“延伸”表示在设备、精制或质量控制页面出现;“未见”只表示本次附件未明确展示,不代表企业没有该工序。

工艺模块Fog ValleyRTV 双语版Matcha (1)森伴园
覆盖与采摘明确明确明确未见
蒸汽杀青明确明确明确明确
快速冷却明确明确明确明确
干燥/烘焙明确明确明确明确
梗叶分离明确明确明确明确
切断与风选延伸明确延伸精制页出现
碾茶精制除杂明确明确明确明确
研磨明确明确明确明确
过筛、金检、X 光延伸明确明确明确
分装与储藏明确明确明确明确

7. 关键质量与食品安全控制

  1. 鲜叶端异物预防:采前清棚,去除遮阳网丝、藤蔓、枯叶等非茶物质。
  2. 杀青及时性:鲜叶及时进入杀青,控制蒸汽状态与处理时间,避免红变或闷黄。
  3. 水分控制:原料确认、初干、复烘、研磨前及成品均应设水分判定。
  4. 洁净环境:森伴园资料显示研磨、分筛、除杂和分装在 10 万级净化区域进行。
  5. 多道异物控制:风选 → 色选 → 视觉识别 → 磁棒 → 金属检测 → X 光检测。
  6. CCP:森伴园流程将金属探测设为关键控制点。
  7. 微生物控制:车间、员工、设备、容器和内包装材料共同管理;附件还展示蒸汽杀菌路径。
  8. 成品检验:水分、灰分、微生物、粒度、色差及异物控制;具体限值应以客户规格、适用法规和企业标准为准。
  9. 避光、隔氧、低温和防潮:抹茶粉体表面积大,对氧、光、热、水分和异味敏感,包装与储运必须纳入质量体系。

8. 术语校正与使用边界

9. 可直接用于对外 Catalog 的双语总述

中文版

我们的抹茶以覆盖栽培鲜叶为原料。鲜叶采摘后及时蒸汽杀青并快速冷却,再经碾茶炉干燥、梗叶分离、复烘、切断和风选制成碾茶。碾茶经过杀菌、匀堆、色选、磁选、金属及 X 光异物控制后,根据目标色泽、香气、滋味和粒度进行拼配与精细研磨。成品经筛分、定量分装和质量检验,在避光、防潮、隔氧条件下储藏,以保持鲜绿色泽、细腻口感和稳定风味。

English Version

Our matcha is made from shade-grown tea leaves. After harvesting, the fresh leaves are promptly steam-fixed and rapidly cooled, then dried in a tencha dryer. Stems and coarse veins are removed through separation, re-drying, cutting, and air classification to produce clean tencha. The refined tencha is sterilized, batch-blended, optically sorted, magnetically cleaned, and inspected by metal detector and X-ray. It is then finely milled to the target color, aroma, taste, particle size, mouthfeel, and luster. The finished matcha is sieved, quantitatively packed, tested, and stored under light-protected, moisture-controlled, and oxygen-reduced conditions to preserve freshness and consistency.

10. 附件来源与页码索引

  1. Fog Valley Co., Ltd. of Chengdu (1).pdf:p.6 工艺总流程;p.7–12 覆盖、采摘、蒸青、冷却、烘焙、分离和碾茶;p.23–30 精制、切断分选、除杂、杀菌、金检、研磨和包装系统。
  2. EN_RTV_09042026_B(2).pdf:p.19–22 春季采摘和遮阴管理;p.24–32 初制路线、碾茶全工序、精制、杀菌、除杂、拼配和研磨。
  3. CH_RTV_08042026(2).pdf:p.25–33 对应中文工艺、风味、精制和研磨页;与英文版交叉校对术语。
  4. Matcha (1).pdf:p.3 定义;p.10–14 覆盖、采摘及采后管理;p.15–24 碾茶生产、精制和三类研磨方式;p.25–26 卫生安全与感官指标。
  5. 森伴园抹茶工艺流程介绍.pdf:p.4–6 碾茶生产参数与分流;p.8 抹茶生产全流程及 CCP;p.9–12 精制、洁净车间、X 光检测和出厂检验。
🧭本页是附件交叉归纳形成的系统工艺 catalog,不等同于某一家工厂的受控 SOP。用于合同、规格书、审核表或客户技术承诺前,应逐项确认供应商实际设备、参数、检测限值和认证范围。